Gender and Sexuality

     There are four main types of feminism: Radical, Marxist, Liberal, and Dual-systems. Radical feminism blames the oppression of women on the patriarchy. Marxist feminists believe that the source of this oppression is capitalism. Liberal feminism blames men's prejudice as the source of women's oppression. Dual-systems theory combines Marxist and Radical feminism, claiming oppression is the result of both the patriarchy and capitalism.
     Scopophilia is defined as "the pleasure of looking" and applied to feminism and popular culture, this means that women are considered objects to be looked at while men are admired and rewarded for intrinsic qualities such as humor and intelligence. This is evident in some of the most popular YouTube channels. All of the successful women on YouTube dress provocatively and are pretty, blond, and well-endowed. The men's channels aren't immune to this either, because they get a significant boost in views whenever a busty female is featured in the thumbnail of their video.
     Masculine studies is not a widely discussed or researched topic. According to Peter Schwenger, men do not like to discuss their masculinity because to do so is to become less masculine. Men do not wish to draw into question their sexuality by studying it. Storey says on page 114 of Cultural Theory and Popular Culture, "It is as if discussion of popular culture consumed by women is gendered and therefore particular, whereas discussion of popular culture consumed by men is ungendered and therefore universal."
     While biological sex is usually categorized in two simple categories (female and male), the gender to which an individual identifies can be much more varied. Paul Burston and Colin Richardson say that "part of the project of Queer is to attack...the very "naturalness" of gender and, by extension, the fictions supporting compulsory heterosexuality." Storey says on page 142, "Femininity and masculinity are not expressions of 'nature', they are 'cultural performances in which their naturalness is constituted through  discursively constrained performance acts." That is to say, what is considered masculine or feminine is determined by culture, and not by biology.